Kiryat Shmonah (Getting Israel Together)
Kiryat Shmonah (Getting Israel Together)
Walking through the streets of Kiryat Shmonah on a summer's day,
you might find that it seems peaceful enough. The city center is an
attractive blend of greenery, shops and residential blocks. There is no
hint of the drama that has been played out in this little Galil town since
its inception in the first years of the state.
But for much of the recent past, a good deal of tension characterized
Kiryat Shmonah. For many years, the residents of this town lived under
the constant threat of artillery and mortar attacks from P.L.O.
(Palestinian Liberation Organization) forces and other forces as Hisballa terrorists north of
the Israeli border. Bombs have fallen on the town. There have been
casualties. Children often slept in shelters; today, if you knock on the
door of any apartment in the city, you will probably find that it contains
a security room with reinforced walls for times of danger. And if you ask
to see the shelters, you will see the rooms where many children slept,
night after night, during tense periods.
Since the first years of statehood, however, a very different struggle has
been taking place here: the struggle to create a society.
Kiryat Shmonah was planned as a commercial center which would
service much of the Upper Galil. However, it never really played that
role. As in the case of most of the so-called development towns set up
in the early 1950's to absorb new immigrants from Arab countries,
Kiryat Shmonah has been the scene of social struggle. For most of the
sephardi olim, the transition to a modern, westernized Israel was very
difficult. The development towns were the major arenas in which this
drama unfolded.
The new immigrants who settled in the development towns found
that many aspects of life in Israel were different from life in the
Arab countries. For example, in 'modern' societies, families are
usually relatively small; in contrast, Jews from Arab countries
tended to have large families. It was particularly hard for the new
olim to adjust to some aspects of Israeli life which seemed to
undermine their traditional values. For example, while a father's
authority was paramount in sephardi families, this value was not
stressed in the socialist climate of the Yishuv. Foreign culture,
however, started creeping into the traditional culture of the olim.
Children came home humming tunes of American and British rock
stars - tunes which they certainly hadn't learnt in Morocco!
In addition to experiencing near total culture shock, these new olim
also experienced 'class shock'. In the past, they had been
independent businessmen. But upon coming to Israel, they were
hired to do menial labor such as working in the fields and factories
of kibbutzim. The new immigrants felt alienated from the (ruling
elite' of the Eastern European pioneer aristocracy. Over the years,
they fought for integration.
Kiryat Shmonah illustrates the attempt to weld a Jewish society
from people who had totally different histories and backgrounds.
This remains one of the most difficult tasks of the State of Israel,
with hardships and dangers which are perhaps as difficult and
dramatic as any war. And in towns like Kiryat Shmonah, the
struggle to build the society still continues.